ST. PAUL — In a debate that took them from a lake town pie shop to the moon, Minnesota House lawmakers dueled Wednesday over who would gain most from a Republican-written tax plan that aims for more than $2 billion in breaks soon and double that down the road.

The bill, which passed 74-58, contains an array of income tax credits and exemptions. It also would add more protections against the estate tax and gradually draw down a state property tax assessed on businesses. Three big cities — Duluth, Minneapolis and St. Paul — would see their state aid allowances reduced, which lawmakers from those areas called mean-spirited.

How many of those measures survive negotiations with Democratic Gov. Mark Dayton and the Democratic-led Senate is a major question. The governor and Senate leaders argue the bill cuts taxes too steeply and leaves Minnesota at risk of another round of deficits.

Republican Rep. Greg Davids, the bill’s main architect, highlighted the new or expanded credits for Social Security income, education expenses, college loans, long-term care costs and fitness club memberships.